合理使用条款

The 图书馆’s policy for providing access to copyright-protected materials through course reserves is based on the fair use provisions of United States Copyright Act of 1976 (Title 17 of the United States Code). 版权法第107条允许在教学中合理使用受版权保护的材料, 奖学金, 和研究. Reproduction of these materials does not require the payment of a royalty or the permission of the copyright owners, provided that the circumstances of the use are fair use as determined by a consideration the four factors specified in section 107, 其中包括:

1. 使用的目的和特点, 这种使用是否具有商业性质或用于非营利性教育目的
2. 受版权保护作品的性质
3. The amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole
4. 受版权保护作品对潜在市场的影响和使用，或其价值

The library expects that faculty be diligent in their assessment of whether or not use of a reproduction is considered fair use. 如果材料不被确定为合理使用, faculty must get permission of the copyright holder before asking the library to place it on reserve.

Coursepacks

所有的文章, chapters and other individual works in any print or electronic coursepack require copyright permission. 课程包的版权许可通常是在学术期间授予的. To reuse a coursepack in subsequent academic periods, permission must be granted for each use.  Many copyright holders provide time-sensitive permission because their own rights may be time-sensitive and could be transferred to different copyright holders at any time.

定义

简洁

• Poetry: (a) A complete poem if less than 250 words and if printed on not more than two pages or, (b)选自一首较长的诗, 不超过250字的节选.
• 散文:(a)一篇完整的文章, 少于两篇的故事或文章,500个单词, 或(b)任何散文作品的节选，如果不超过1,000字或10%的工作, 取较小者, 但无论如何，至少500字.
  • [Each of the numerical limits stated above may be expanded to permit the completion of an unfinished line of a poem or of an unfinished prose para图.]
• 插图:一张图表, 图, 图, 画, 每本书或每期期刊的漫画或图片.
• “特殊”作品:诗歌中的某些作品, prose or in “poetic prose” which often combine language with illustrations and which are intended sometimes for children and at other times for a more general audience fall short of 2,全文500字. 除上述情况外, such “special works” may not be reproduced in their entirety; however, an excerpt comprising not more than two of the published pages of such special work and containing not more than ten percent of the words found in the text thereof, 可以复制.

自发性

• 模仿是在个别教师的实例和灵感下进行的
• The inspiration and decision to use the work and the moment of its use for maximum teaching effectiveness are so close in time that it would be unreasonable to expect a timely reply to a request for permission.

累积效应

• The copying of the material is for only one course in the school in which the copies are made.
• 不超过一首短诗, article, 故事, 文章或两个节选可以从同一作者复制, nor more than three from the same collective work or periodical volume during one class term.
• There shall not be more than nine instances of such multiple copying for one course during one class term.
  • [The limitations stated in above shall not apply to current news periodicals and newspapers and current news sections of other periodicals.]

公共领域

根据韦氏词典的定义, 公共领域是“包含属于整个社会的财产权的领域”, 是否不受版权或专利保护, 并且可以被任何人挪用.”

上述禁止事项

虽有上述规定，下列行为仍应禁止:

• 复制不得用于创作或取代或替代选集, 汇编或集体作品. Such replacement or substitution may occur when copies of various works or excerpts therefrom are accumulated or reproduced and used separately.
• 不得复制, 或从, 在学习或教学过程中用作“消耗品”的作品. 这些包括练习册, 练习, 标准化考试、试卷和答题纸之类的消耗品.

复制不得:

• 代替购买图书、出版商的再版或期刊
• 听从上级的指挥
• 由同一位老师一学期又一学期地重复讲授同一项内容
• 向学生收取超出复印实际费用的费用